"From coast to coast," writes Hartley Burr Alexander, "the sacred Calumet is the Indian's altar, and its smoke is the proper offering to Heaven." [Mythology of All Races] "The master of ceremonies, again rising to his feet, filled and lighted the pipe of peace from his own fire. Drawing three whiffs, one after the other, he blew the first towards the zenith, the second towards the ground, and the third towards the Sun. By the first act he returned thanks to the Great Spirit for the preservation of his life durring the past year, and for being permitted to be present at this council. By the second, he returned thanks to his Mother, the Earth. for her various productions which had ministered to his sustenance. And by the third, he returned thanks to the Sun for his never-failing light, ever shinning upon all." It was necessary for the Indian to secure the red stone for his calumet from the pipestone quarry where in some remote past the great Spirit had come, and after fashioning with His own hands a great pipe, had smoked it toward the four corners of the creation and thus instituted this most sacred ceremony. Scores of Indian tribes-some of them traveling thousands of miles-securred the sacred stone from the single quarry, where the mandate of the Great Spirit had decreed that eternal peace should reign. The outstanding hero of North American Indian folklore is Hiawatha, a name which signifies "he who seeks the wampum-belt. Hiawatha, a cheif of the Iraquois, after many reverses and dissapointments, suceeded in uniting the five great nations of the Iroquois, the original purpose _ to abolish war by substituting councils of arbitration _ was not wholly sucessful, but the power of the "Silver Chain" conferred upon the Iroquois solidarity. Yet the shamans turned their magic against him, and created an evil bird which, swooping down from heaven tore his only daughter to pieces befor his eyes. When Hiawath, after accomplishing his mission sailed away in his self-propelled canoe along the path of the sunset, his people realized the true greatness of their benefactor.