Travels with the Emperor (- threads, 10 posts)
    Hadrian (9 posts)
    Historical Thread

    Mostly about the Emperor Hadrian ...
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    Hadrian's Death
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    Author: * Antinous Flavius - 6 Posts on this thread out of 91 Posts sitewide.
    Date: Jul 11, 2008 - 12:39

    Yesterday, 10th July, marked 1870 years since the death of Hadrian.

    He lived 62 years, 5 months, 17 days. He ruled 20 years, 11 months. He died at his villa in Baiae, invisus omnibus, says the Historia Augusta (25, 7) - hated by all.

    So many years after his death, when Hadrian is considered to be one of the "five good emperors", and when his role in developing the empire's foreign policies, his abilities as a capable administrator and good leader, his building works and devotion to culture and art are so well recognised, such hatred is perhaps hard to understand at a cursory glance. But yes, I have read and understand the reasons why the senate undertook to condemn his memory. I'm not an apologist, but this isn't the post for them, so another time.

    Plagued by poor health and depression for years, by the time of his death, Hadrian was a sick, embittered old man. He had lost all desire to live and was often delirious with pain, but all his attempts at suicide were frustrated. If, as one theory about Antinous's death holds, his beloved had sacrificed himself to save Hadrian from an illness - with or without the emperor's knowledge - Hadrian must have been cursing the cruel irony of it in those weeks while he tried to kill himself.

    This is what the Historia Augusta has to say of his death:

    The premonitions of his death were as follows: On his last birthday, when he was commending Antoninus to the gods, his bordered toga fell down without apparent cause and bared his head. His ring, on which his portrait was carved, slipped of its own accord from his finger. On the day before his birthday some one came into the senate wailing; by his presence Hadrian was as disturbed as if he were speaking about his own death, for no one could understand what he was saying. Again, in the senate, when he meant to say, "after my son's death," he said, "after mine". Besides, he dreamed that he had asked his father for a soporific; he also dreamed that he had been overcome by a lion.

    Much was said against him after his death, and by many persons. The senate wished to annul his acts, and would have refrained from naming him "the Deified" had not Antoninus requested it. Antoninus, moreover, finally built a temple for him at Puteoli to take the place of a tomb, and he also established a quinquennial contest and flamens and sodales and many other institutions which appertain to the honour of one regarded as a god. It is for this reason, as has been said before, that many think that Antoninus received the surname Pius. (26.6 - 27.4)

    * This translation of the Historia Augusta was published in the Loeb Classical Library, 1921. The text is in the public domain and may be read online here.


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