Here are a few tidbits of information to kick off our month of discussion about Ruis/Elder.

Samnucus nigra (Elder) has so many uses that it has been called "the medicine chest of the country people." In fact, a 230 page book about all the healing qualities of Elder was published in 1644. This included "a rob or syrup, tincture, oil, ointment, spirit, water, liniment, extract, salt, conserve, vinegar, oxymel, sugar, decoction, bath, cataplasm, and powder". It even mentions an edible fungus known as Judas Ear that sometimes grows on Elder trees.

Elder also probably has more folklore than any other tree. In some places it is still considered risky to cut an Elder (without first offering a prayer or apology) because the Elder Mother is supposed to dwell within. It is good luck to have one growing near your home, though, to guard against sickness and evil spirits.

An infusion of elderflowers will reduce fever by producing a mild sweat. Elder flowers can treat congestion, allergy symptoms, ear infections and can be used for general detoxification. Make tea from 3 to 5 grams of dried flowers steeped in a cup of boiling water for 10 or 15 minute, and drink three times a day.

CAUTION: The American Elder (Sambucus canadensis) is hard to distinguish from the Sambucus nigra. Never use the roots, they are poisonous. Seeds from the elder are toxic too, so never eat the berries unless they are cooked. Tea, ointment and other storebought products are safe.