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Spread from Italia
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The question of the legionarii
origo (legionaries origin) in the I century is
very complex and connected with the linguistics romanization of the not Greek
part of the Empire. Apuleius, a writer of the II century, when wants show a Roman soldier speaking Latin in Greece, makes he saying a very blunder: ubi as adverb of motion to place, as then it become in Romance languages. Actually it is that vulgar Latin from which differentiated the various dialectal areas that, later, will originate the Romance languages. Now, how this vulgar Latin was considered? Also in this case another writing (Lucianus), also from II century, can help
us in the answer. The language of the soldier who, for example, uses ubi for
motion to place, was designated as the language of Italians. It was, in fact,
the language of italian country proletariate recruited in the legions of I
century and main autor of the common spoken Latin: just that common designation,
that kept until V century (the historician Priscus indicated the tongue of
the Dacian Danuvius bank as 'language of italians'), makes us sure that, in
the common sense, the legionay language was characterized by those uses of
sermo vulgaris of the italian proletariate, and that they spread in the Illyrican
regions. Therefore the language spoken in the Illyrican regions, ancestor of the current
Rumanian, was just the 'language of Italian' country people, that just since
III century BC, shown - in certain areas - the tendence to drop the final S.
While the western provinces romanization happened under the classic Latin,
viceversa the Danubian provinces romanization happened under the italians Latin. Of course not everywhere the 'language of italians' was the same: actually 'language of italians' designates the confused existing of a sermo vulgaris coming from italian country proletary people but that not always identify with it. Also the resistance of the S in northern Italy (and also in some way in ceratin cities of Southern Italy), in Gallia, Spain and probabely in Africa (where, for its Latin, is strictly connected with Spain), shows as the more ancient layer of romanization reacted with its 'language of cities' to the 'language of italians'. The recruitment of italian peasants in the I century legions and their presence in any Imperial province of the Empire, in the everyday life replaced the Roman ruling class language with a vulgar language of italians. A consuetudo vulgaris that Plinius opposed versus the élites linguistic consuetudo that Plinius loved instead: the language of Italians versus the language of Latins (Latinitas). This phenomenon is very important in the Empire history. It
matured during the II century, when christianity was already spreading even
in the western
provinces and mainly in Africa. Christian preachers talked to the people in
the people language, Irenaeus did it even in Celtic to Gallia peasants, generally
they spoken in vulgar Latin language. Thus christianity used the language of
italians. Extracted and summarized from: |
Oikos
~ Table of Contents ~
Roman Wallpainting and Pompei, episode 1
Roman Wallpainting and Pompeii, episode 2 Roman wallpainting and Pompeii, episode 4 Roman Wallpainting and Pompeii, episode 3 Roman Wallpainting and Pompeii, episode 5 Roman Wallpainting and Pompeii, episode 6 Roman Wallpainting in Pompeii, episode 7 Vitruvius on Roman Wallpainting THE MACEDONES Olympias Mother Of Alexander Philip V, Part I Philip V Part II A Visit To Thessalia Alexander, The Movie Philp V Part III The Delia The Antikythera Device Silius Italicus, Poet of the Second Punic War Why Rome Never Conquered the Mediterranean Sea |